Propuesta de diseño del alcantarillado pluvial, contemplando técnicas de drenaje urbano sostenible para el Barrio Juanito Mora, del distrito de Barranca, del cantón central de Puntarenas.
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Authors
Loría-Varela, Luis Carlos
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica
Abstract
La finalidad del presente proyecto fue elaborar el
diseño hidráulico de la red de alcantarillado pluvial
para el Barrio Juanito Mora, ubicado en Barranca
de Puntarenas, considerando escenarios con
técnicas de drenaje urbano sostenible.
Fue necesario analizar registros históricos de
precipitación para obtener la ecuación de
Intensidad-Duración-Frecuencia. Se realizó un
predimensionamiento considerando flujo uniforme,
y para su modelo hidrológico-hidráulico se utilizó
la herramienta SWMM, seguidamente se llevó a
cabo un análisis de sensibilidad a diversos
parámetros para identificar los más influyentes en
la simulación de la red, además, se seleccionaron
los techos verdes y pavimentos permeables, para
los cuales se llevó a cabo una simulación de la red
y de forma similar se ejecutó un análisis de
sensibilidad para algunos parámetros.
Con base en los resultados obtenidos, se concluye
que los parámetros más sensibles para la red
propuesta son el porcentaje de área impermeable,
el número de curva y en menor forma, los
coeficientes superficiales “n” de Manning; en
relación con los techos verdes se debe tener
mayor atención a la porosidad y el espesor y, en
una menor forma al parámetro de conductividad y
la berma, y respecto a los pavimentos permeables
se deberá prestar atención a la tasa de infiltración.
Además, al substituir un 35% las áreas
impermeables de casas y edificios por techos
verdes y, un 100% de las calles y avenidas por
pavimentos permeables, se logró reducir en más
de un 50% la escorrentía superficial, y no se
presentaron problemas de capacidad hidráulica en
la red de drenaje pluvial. De esta manera se
comprueba que la red propuesta puede
contemplarse para un futuro desarrollo.
The purpose of this project was to develop the hydraulic design of the storm sewer network for the Juanito Mora neighborhood, located in Barranca de Puntarenas, considering scenarios with sustainable urban drainage techniques. It was necessary to analyze historical rainfall records to obtain the Intensity-Duration-Frequency equation. A pre-dimensioning was carried out considering uniform flow, and for its hydrologicalhydraulic model the SWMM tool was used, then a sensitivity analysis was carried out to various parameters to identify the most influential in the simulation of the network. Also, green roofs and permeable pavements were selected, for which a simulation of the network was carried out and a sensitivity analysis was carried out for some parameters in a similar way. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the most sensitive parameters for the red proposal are the percentage of imperviousness, the curve number, and to a lesser extent, although equally appreciable, the surface coefficients "n" of Manning; in relation to green roofs, greater attention should be paid to porosity and thickness and, to a lesser extent, the conductivity parameter and berm, and with respect to permeable pavements, attention should be paid to the infiltration rate. In addition, by replacing 35% of the impermeable areas of houses and buildings by green roofs, and 100% of the streets and avenues by permeable pavements, it is possible to reduce surface runoff by more than 50%, and there were no hydraulic capacity problems in the storm sewer network. This shows that the proposed network can be contemplated for a future development.
The purpose of this project was to develop the hydraulic design of the storm sewer network for the Juanito Mora neighborhood, located in Barranca de Puntarenas, considering scenarios with sustainable urban drainage techniques. It was necessary to analyze historical rainfall records to obtain the Intensity-Duration-Frequency equation. A pre-dimensioning was carried out considering uniform flow, and for its hydrologicalhydraulic model the SWMM tool was used, then a sensitivity analysis was carried out to various parameters to identify the most influential in the simulation of the network. Also, green roofs and permeable pavements were selected, for which a simulation of the network was carried out and a sensitivity analysis was carried out for some parameters in a similar way. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the most sensitive parameters for the red proposal are the percentage of imperviousness, the curve number, and to a lesser extent, although equally appreciable, the surface coefficients "n" of Manning; in relation to green roofs, greater attention should be paid to porosity and thickness and, to a lesser extent, the conductivity parameter and berm, and with respect to permeable pavements, attention should be paid to the infiltration rate. In addition, by replacing 35% of the impermeable areas of houses and buildings by green roofs, and 100% of the streets and avenues by permeable pavements, it is possible to reduce surface runoff by more than 50%, and there were no hydraulic capacity problems in the storm sewer network. This shows that the proposed network can be contemplated for a future development.
Description
Proyecto de Graduación (Licenciatura en Ingeniería en Construcción) Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Escuela de Ingeniería en Construcción, 2020
Keywords
Hidráulica, Escorrentía, Hidrología, Precipitación, Techos, Pavimentos permeables, Sensibilidad, Análisis de resultados, Sostenibilidad, Alcantarillado pluvial, Drenaje urbano, Hydraulics, Runoff, Precipitation, Permeable pavements, Sensitivity, Sustainability, Storm sewer, Urban drainage, Research Subject Categories::TECHNOLOGY::Civil engineering and architecture::Water engineering