Diseño, ensamblaje y validación de una mesa sísmica para el análisis estructural de modelos a escala reducida
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Authors
Ávila-Valerio, Jonathan
Zúñiga-Campos, Abigail
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica
Abstract
El presente proyecto nace ante la necesidad de estudiar los efectos provocados por movimientos
sísmicos en estructuras. De esa manera se planteó como objetivo principal el desarrollo
de una mesa sísmica que permita el estudio de modelos de estructuras a escala sometidos a
fuerzas sísmicas. Con ello se pretende cooperar con los profesores para que expliquen a los estudiantes, de manera práctica, los fenómenos experimentados ante un movimiento sísmico.
El equipo es accionado con un motor a pasos que es controlado por medio de un Arduino Mega, el cuál recibe datos previamente tratados en MATLAB. Se tiene la capacidad de reproducir
distintos períodos en movimientos armónicos simples con un error menor a 5% y varios sismos
predeterminados, comprobados mediante espectros de respuesta.
Para demostrar conceptos relacionados al comportamiento de las estructuras se analizaron los
efectos que provoca la excitación de la mesa sobre modelos simples. Además, se incluyó una
herramienta gráfica y un acelerómetro para complementar el funcionamiento y comprensión del
equipo.Entre las características mecánicas más importantes se resalta una sobrecarga permitida
de 80 kg, una velocidad pico de 25 mm/s, dadas por las capacidades del motor, además de un desplazamiento de 9 cm.
This project arises from the need to study the effects caused by seismic movements in structures. In this way, it was proposed as main objective the development of a shake table that allows the study of scale models of structures submitted to seismic forces. This is intended to provide support to the teachers to explain students, in a practical way, the phenomena experienced in a seismic movement. The equipment is powered by a stepper motor which is controlled by means of an Arduino Mega, which receives data previously processed in MATLAB. It has the ability to reproduce different periods in simple harmonic movements with an error less than 5% and several predetermined earthquakes, veri ed by response spectra. In order to demonstrate concepts related to the structures behavior, it was analyzed the effects of table excitation on simple models. In addition, a graphical tool and an accelerometer were included to complement the operation and understanding of the equipment. Of the most important mechanical characteristics, a permitted overload of 80 kg, a peak speed of 25 mm/s, given by the motor's capabilities, and a displacement of 9 cm stand out.
This project arises from the need to study the effects caused by seismic movements in structures. In this way, it was proposed as main objective the development of a shake table that allows the study of scale models of structures submitted to seismic forces. This is intended to provide support to the teachers to explain students, in a practical way, the phenomena experienced in a seismic movement. The equipment is powered by a stepper motor which is controlled by means of an Arduino Mega, which receives data previously processed in MATLAB. It has the ability to reproduce different periods in simple harmonic movements with an error less than 5% and several predetermined earthquakes, veri ed by response spectra. In order to demonstrate concepts related to the structures behavior, it was analyzed the effects of table excitation on simple models. In addition, a graphical tool and an accelerometer were included to complement the operation and understanding of the equipment. Of the most important mechanical characteristics, a permitted overload of 80 kg, a peak speed of 25 mm/s, given by the motor's capabilities, and a displacement of 9 cm stand out.
Description
Proyecto de Graduación (Licenciatura en Ingeniería en Construcción) Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Escuela de Ingeniería en Construcción, 2020
Keywords
Mesas, Modelos simplificados, Movimiento armónico, Sismos, Ensamblaje, Validación, Análisis estructural, Modelos, Escala reducida, Tables, Simplified models, Harmonic motion, Earthquake, Assembly, Validation, Structural analysis, Reduced-scale, Research Subject Categories::TECHNOLOGY::Engineering mechanics::Construction engineering