Diseño agroforestal participativo con la asociación de mujeres indígenas cabécar kàbata könana
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Alvarado-Rodríguez, María Paula
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Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica
Abstract
En el Territorio Indígena Talamanca Cabécar existen diferentes sistemas de siembra
tradicional, fomentando el pensamiento de que la agricultura es una expresión de la
cosmovisión. El “chamugrö”, que es un sistema de cultivo de cacao en asocio con
árboles maderables y otros cultivos de ciclo menor, cumple con la definición de sistema
agroforestal. Sin embargo, a razón de una serie de alteraciones mundiales como el
cambio climático y sus impactos ambientales, sociales y económicos, las prácticas
ancestrales se han ido perdiendo a través del tiempo, dotando de consecuencias
múltiples a las personas habitantes del territorio. Debido a esto, la asociación de
mujeres indígenas “Kábata Könana”, dentro de su papel social que busca promover la
permanencia de la cosmovisión indígena desde su enfoque en género y, adecuándose
a las nuevas retos y realidades, posibilitó un proceso participativo con la academia,
que permitió recopilar conocimientos ancestrales armonizándolos con elementos
técnicos externos, obteniendo así, como resultado, un diseño participativo de un
“chamugrö”. Este documento presenta el proceso qué permitió externar y visibilizar la
importancia medioambiental y espiritual de los componentes agroforestales,
posibilitando el acceso al conocimiento sobre agroforestería tradicional cabécar a las
generaciones actuales.
Within the Talamanca Cabécar Indigenous Territory exist several traditional planting practices that demonstrate how, for the indigenous people, agriculture is an expression of a specific worldview. One example is “the chamugrö,” an agroforestry system in which cacao is interplanted with timber trees and other smaller, rotation crops. Many indigenous practices such as chamugrö have been lost over time due to global environmental changes, as well as social and economic impacts, in turn negatively affecting inhabitants of the territory. In response, the indigenous women's association “Kábata Könana”, a group which seeks to promote the permanence of the indigenous worldview from its gendered perspective and, adapting to new challenges and realities, has enabled a participatory process with the academy, which has promoted the revitalization of ancestral knowledge, harmonized with external technical elements. Ultimately, this has culminated in a participatory design of a “chamugrö.” This paper explores this process, which has expressed and made visible the environmental and spiritual importance of agroforestry systems, as well as enabled access to knowledge about traditional Cabécar agroforestry for current generations.
Within the Talamanca Cabécar Indigenous Territory exist several traditional planting practices that demonstrate how, for the indigenous people, agriculture is an expression of a specific worldview. One example is “the chamugrö,” an agroforestry system in which cacao is interplanted with timber trees and other smaller, rotation crops. Many indigenous practices such as chamugrö have been lost over time due to global environmental changes, as well as social and economic impacts, in turn negatively affecting inhabitants of the territory. In response, the indigenous women's association “Kábata Könana”, a group which seeks to promote the permanence of the indigenous worldview from its gendered perspective and, adapting to new challenges and realities, has enabled a participatory process with the academy, which has promoted the revitalization of ancestral knowledge, harmonized with external technical elements. Ultimately, this has culminated in a participatory design of a “chamugrö.” This paper explores this process, which has expressed and made visible the environmental and spiritual importance of agroforestry systems, as well as enabled access to knowledge about traditional Cabécar agroforestry for current generations.
Description
Proyecto de Graduación (Licenciatura en Ingeniería Forestal con Énfasis en Manejo y Producción Forestal). Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Escuela de Ingeniería Forestal, 2023.
Keywords
Cambio climático, Árboles maderables, Impacto ambiental, Agroforestería, Conservación de la biodiversidad, Diseño agroforestal, Mujeres indígenas, Medio ambiente, Planificación agroforestal, Research Subject Categories::FORESTRY, AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES and LANDSCAPE PLANNING::Landscape planning::Nature conservation and landscape management, Climate change, Timber trees, Environmental impact, Agroforestry, Biodiversity conservation, Agroforestry design, Indigenous women, Environment, Agroforestry planning
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